Thursday, October 27, 2011

Digital Photography: A to Z (Part 04)

 D


Data Security
Data security:
A collective term used for any measure to protect and store files as well as programs for any extended period of time.



Data Transmissiom
Data transmission:
The exchange of digital information between two or more computers. Data is usually transmitted via a direct cable connection, a computer network or telephone lines.



DCF:
Design Rule for Camera File System- an industry standard for saving digital images. This not only determines the file type. but also determines file naming method, the directory structure, character set and metadata method. It allows the conversion of uncompressed TIFF files into compressed JPEG files. This JPEG file is of the Exif type and can contain camera information such as the data.


Digital
Digital:
Opposite of analog. Digital information is made up of a limited number of gradations (e.g. 256 colors. 8 bit). The change from one digital element to the next is always "step by step" and not continuous.




Digital Camera
Digital Camera:
Usually captures images with the help of a CCD chip. The image data received is then saved to special memory cards or other storage media (SmartMedia, ComplactFlash).


Digital ESP:
Digital Electro-Selective Pattern. The employment of a selective multi zone metering system ensures an optimal exposure even in difficult light conditions. (Exposure metering, Spot metering, reflected-light metering, light metering)


Digital Imaging Software
Digital Imaging Software:
Image Editing Software, such as, Photoshop, Paint Shop Pro, Media Suit Pro, Ulead Photo Editor etc.



Digital tele:
Thanks to special, algorithms, some digital camers are able to provide a zoom effect by re-calculating the captured image data. However, enlarging an image in this way also means reducing its picture quality.


DIMO:
Digital Imaging Magneto Optical. A camera MO communicator developed by Olimpus allowing fast and mobile archiving of image data directly from the camera to an MO disk (without the need of a computer).


Diode
Diode:
A diode is an electrical device allowing current to move through it in one direction with far greater ease than in the other.  The most common kind of diode in modern circuit design is the semiconductor diode.


Dioptric Adjustment
Dioptric Adjustment:
The adjustment of the viewfinder to the photographer's eyesight (unit: dpt)



Dtrect Print Function
Direct Print Function:The ability to print digital pictures without the need of a computer. 


Dos
DOS:Disc operating System. Usually DOS describes the operating system developed by Microsoft for personal computers.



dot
Dot:
The smallest raster element of an image. many dots together produce one pixel. For example, in the specification "8 bit color depth", three "layers" of 256 dots each are on top of one another to produce one pixel.



Dot Pitch
Dot pitch:
Used in monitors, it indicates the distance between individual dots. The smaller the distance between two dots, the sharper the image. Good monitor usually have a dot pinch of between 0.25 and 0.27 mm.



Download
Download:
Describes the process of receiving data, usually via either a mailbox, the internet or from another device like a digital camera  to a PC > data transmission.



dpi

dpi:
dots per inch (1 inch = approx. 2.54 cm). A measuring unit in printing to describe the geometric resolution of an image.



dpof
DPOF:
Digital Print Order Format. A format introduced by photo industry that enables images stored on SmartMedia cards to be accessed directly by certain printers and copies as well as allowing the more simple professional treatment by photo labs.


DRAM
DRAM:
Dynamic RAM. A type of memory chip that is used in most personal computers as the main storage medium (RAM).


Driver
Driver:
A small program that the communication between the application program and a certain device, for example a printer or digital camera.



DTP
DTP:
Desktop Publishing. This refers to the design and illustration of texts and graphics directly on the monitor screen.




DVD ROM
DVD-ROM:
Digital Versatile Disc. A standard for CD-ROM with a much greater capacity (e,g, 9.4 GB) than a regular CD-ROM.



Dye Sublimination
Dye sublimation:
Describes a printing method for half-tone images or pictures. This process uses heat to transfer color from a printer foil into paper. The picture quality is exceptional.








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